人教版英语七年级上册知识点复习(2)
18.一般现在时
一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12. She is at home. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English.
1)动词be
肯定式 | 否定式 |
I am．．．． You are．．．． He/She/It is．．．． We/You/They are．．．． | I am not．．．． You are not．．．． He/She/It is not．．．． We/You/They are not．．．． |
疑问式和简略答语
Am I．．．．? Yes, you are. No, you are not. Are we．．．．? Yes, we/you are. No, we/you are not | Are you．．．．? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Are you．．．．? Yes, we are. No, we are not. | Is he/she/it．．．．? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it is not. Are they．．．．? Yes, they are. No, they are not. |
2)动词do
肯定式 | 否定式 |
I like．．．． You like．．．． He/She/It likes．．．． We/You/They like．．．． | I do not (don’t) like．．．． You do not (don’t) like．．．． He/She/It does not (doesn’t) likes．．．． We/You/They do not (don’t) like．．．． |
疑问式和简略答语
Do I like oranges? Yes, you do. No, you do not(don’t) Do we like oranges? Yes, we/you do. No, we/you do not(don’t) | Do you like oranges? Yes, I do. No, I do not(don’t) Do you like oranges? Yes, we do. No, we do not(don’t) | Does he/she/it like oranges? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it does not. Do they like oranges? Yes, they do. No, they do not(don’t) |
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词形式有以下几种变化：
规则 | 动词原形 | 第三人称单数形式 |
一般动词在词尾加-s,在清辅音后读/s/，在 浊辅音或元音后读/z/，在t后读/ts/，在d 后读/ds/。 | help like swim listen know play get find | helps /helps/ likes /laiks/ swims /wimz/ listens /’lisənz/ knows /nəʊz/ plays /pleiz/ gets /gets/ finds /faindz/ |
以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es, 读/iz/。如果动词原形词尾已有e，则加s。以o结 尾的动词也加-es，读/z/。 | teach go | teaches goes |
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先边y为i， 再加-es，读/z/。 | study | studies |
Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
1. like 喜欢
1)like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物
2) like to do sth.喜欢/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作)
3) like doing sth喜欢做某事(表习惯性的动作或爱好)
①我喜欢每天打篮球。I like playing basketball every day.
②今天很冷，我喜欢呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home.
2. Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗。
可数名词可用复数表示一类人或事物
3. 名词的分类
1)名词分为“专有名词”和“普通名词”两大类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如：Gina, China。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
2)普通名词又可分为下面四类：
①个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体。如pen, student, apple。
②集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体。如family, class。
③物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如water, broccoli等。
④抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、情感等。如work, happiness等。
个体名词和集体名词都是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词。
3)有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，但意义不同，要注意区分。
①glass cn. 杯子 un. 玻璃 orange cn 橘子 un. 橘汁
②还有表示动物类的名词，表示动物时是可数名词，作为菜肴时是不可数名词。
chicken cn. 小鸡 un. 鸡肉 fish cn.鱼 un. 鱼肉
③salad, ice cream, food, fruit 作总称讲是不可数名词，作种类讲是可数名词
She likes hamburgers, salad and apples.
a salad of tomato
4. good / well
1) good adj “好的”，常用来修饰名词。a good student一位好学生
2)well ①adj “好的”，“健康的”(指身体好)He doesn’t feel well.他感觉不舒服。②adv. “好”常用来修饰动词，放在动词之后。He learns English well.他英语学得好。
5. 许多
1) lots of = a lot of 修饰可数或不可数名词。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water
2)many修饰可数名词 many boys many bananas
3)much修饰不可数名词 much water much broccoli
6. think about 思考;考虑
7. Sports star 体育明星
sport作修饰语时通常用复数形式。如：sports meeting 运动会sports shoes 运动鞋
8. ask sb about sth .询问某人关于某事
He asked me about the meeting.他问我关于运动会的一些情况。
9. What do you like for breakfast? 你早餐喜欢(吃)什么?
10. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples.= She likes eggs, bananas, and apples for breakfast.她早餐喜欢吃鸡蛋，香蕉和苹果。
sb like ....for + 某餐 = For + 某餐，sb. like....(某人某餐喜欢吃什么)
11. one last question 最后一个问题
12. I don’t want to be fat. 我不想变胖。
want to be… “想要成为……;想要变得……”，动词be后接形容词或名词。
Do you want to be a teacher? 你想成为一名老师吗?
I don’t want to be old! 我可不想变老!
