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小学英语五年级语法讲解:现在完成时

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  小学英语五年级语法讲解:现在完成时

  构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词

  用法:

  1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用

  I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了)

  He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)

  They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了)

  The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了)

  2) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时:

  Have you finished your homework?

  Have you been to Beijing?

  Have he seen the film?

  3) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作

  I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

  I have worked for this school for 1 year.

  4) 表示一种经历,经验:去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情

  I have never had a bath.

  I have never seen a film.

  I have never been to cinema.

  I have ever been to Paris.

  Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了

  I have been to London.(人已经回来)

  He has gone to London.(人还在那里)

  5) 表示一种结果, 一般不和时间副词联用

  I have lost my pen.

  I have hurt myself.

  He has become a teacher.

  She has broken my heart.

  句型变化:

  ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.

  e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

  ★肯定回答及否定回答

  Yes, I have. No, I have not.

  ★特殊疑问句:

  What have you done?

  What has he done?

  一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:

  凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时

  注意:有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不能再延续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用

  错:I’ve left Beijing for 3 days.

  对:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from Beijing for 3 days.

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