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托福写作中巧用分词的3种方法

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  建议托福写作目标冲7的考生,重点掌握分词结构代替定语从句的用法。要写出变化的句式,需在熟练掌握各种句型的同时,做到活学活用融汇贯通,并非易事。希望大家平时认真打好好语法和词汇的基本功,多开口勤动笔,在实践中学习。下面是小编给大家带来的托福写作中巧用分词的3种方法,希望能帮到大家!

  托福写作中巧用分词的3种方法

  托福写作怎么慎用巧用分词一:

  用分词替换定语从句时,分词的逻辑主语就是定语从句前的先行词。

  如现在分词:We stood on the bridge connecting the two halves of the building. (... the bridge which connects/connected the two halves...)前一句中的分词connecting的逻辑主语是the bridge,和后一句中定语从句先行词the bridge, 两者一致。

  试比较:The man who Tim is meeting for lunch is from Taiwan.此句的定语从句who Tim is meeting for lunch不可用分词结构替换,即绝不能改成:The man Tim meeting for lunch is from Taiwan. 因为分词meeting的逻辑主语并不是定语从句先行词the man,而是Tim,所以这是完全错误的说法。

  又如过去分词:The issue that club members are being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase. 绝不可改成:The issue club members being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase.分词being asked的逻辑主语是club members,并不是定语从句先行词the issue。

  托福写作怎么慎用巧用分词二:表因果

  表因果,即当分词所指行为或事件引发了主句所指的事件或行为,可以替换定语从句。

  比较:A. The snow which fell overnight has turned to ice. (不可改为The snow falling overnight...)只表先后,不表因果

  B. The snow which fell overnight has caused traffic chaos. (可以用分词The snow falling overnight has caused traffic chaos.)又先后,表因果。

  托福写作怎么慎用巧用分词三:用分词时,不表动作先后,表伴随状态

  用分词时,不表动作先后,表伴随状态。如: The girl who fell over on the ice broke her arm. (不可改成The girl falling over on the ice broke her arm.)瞬间性行为动词fell over 和broke 有先后。 比较:I pulled off sheets which covered the furniture. 表状态伴随的动词cover,替换成分词....sheets covering the furniture.

  托福写作怎么慎用巧用分词四:情态动词做谓语的定语从句,不可用分词替换

  情态动词做谓语的定语从句,不可用分词替换。如:There are a number of people who should be asked.

  托福写作主题词汇总

  1、环境类

  white pollute 白色污染

  sustainable development 可持续发展

  ecosystem 生态系统

  environmental pollution 环境污染

  over-fishing (overgrazing) 过度捕捞(过度放牧)

  sandstorm 沙尘暴

  resource exhaustion 资源枯竭

  water and soil conservation 水土保持

  soilerosion 土壤流失

  clear-cutting (deforestation) 滥砍滥伐

  desertification 沙漠化

  conserve natural resources 保护自然资源

  shortage of freshwater 淡水短缺

  disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡

  natural preservation zone 自然保护区

  2、教育话题类

  the craze for graduate school 考研热

  surf the internet 网上冲浪

  cyberspace 网络空间

  inter-disciplinary talent 复合型人才

  assignment of graduates 毕业生分配

  netfriend 网友

  examination-oriented education 应试教育

  teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

  quality-oriented education 素质教育

  compulsory education 义务教育

  internet bar 网吧

  adult (continuing) education 成人教育

  distance education 远程教育

  campus culture 校园文化

  two-way selection 双向选择

  work-study program 勤工俭学

  double degree 双学位

  non-resident student 走读生

  resident student 寄宿生

  extra curricular activities 课外活动

  self-taught examination 自学考试

  become well-educated through self-study 自学成才

  to reduce study load 学生减负

  web-addiction 沉湎于上网

  3、社会热点类

  Project Hope 希望工程

  information revolution 信息革命

  jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程

  population explosion 人口爆炸

  epidemic disease 传染病

  drop out students 失学儿童

  laid-off worker 下岗工人

  reemployment project 再就业工程

  clone technology 克隆技术

  migrate laborer 民工

  crack down on counterfeit goods/fake products 打假

  devalue 贬值

  expand domestic demand 扩大内需

  state-owned enterprise 国有企业

  deflation 通货紧缩

  inflation 通货膨胀

  rechargeable card 冲值卡

  Smooth Traffic Project 畅通工程

  anti-fake label 防伪标志

  poverty alleviation 扶贫

  infrastructure construction 基础设施

  vicious circle 恶性循环

  gender discrimination 性别歧视

  psychological quality 心理素质

  pattern of consumption 消费结构

  consumers' association 消费者协会

  green food 绿色食品

  money worship 拜金主意

  Olympic committee 奥委会

  host city 举办城市

  bid for Olympic 申办奥运会

  4、经济文化类

  regional protectionism 地方保护主义

  tax evasion 偷税漏税

  purchasing power 购买力

  cyber economy 网络经济

  personal income tax 个人所得税

  risk investment 风险投资

  after sale service 售后服务

  stock exchange 股票交易

  booming/thriving/prosperity 繁荣

  decline/recession/depression 萎缩/衰退/萧条

  5、科技发展类

  broadband networks 宽带网

  multimedia 多媒体

  hacker 黑客

  e-business 电子商务

  pirated software 盗版软件

  pseudo-science/superstition 迷信

  computer virus 电脑病毒

  on-line shopping 网上购物

  get/surfon-line 上网

  test-tube baby 试管婴儿

  Orbital Station 空间站

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